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Exercises 4.4 Chapter 4 Review

1.

A professor gave a test to students in a morning class and the same test to the afternoon class. The grades are summarized below.
A B C Total
Morning Class 14 11 7 32
Afternoon Class 11 13 4 28
Total 25 24 11 60
If one student was chosen at random, find each probability:
  1. P(in the afternoon class)
  2. P(earned an A)
  3. P(earned a B and was in the afternoon class)
  4. P(earned a C given the student was in the morning class)
  5. P(is in the morning class given that the student earned a B)

2.

A professor gave a test to students in a science class and in a math class during the same week. The grades are summarized below.
A B C Total
Science Class 7 18 13 38
Math Class 10 8 9 27
Total 17 26 22 65
If one student was chosen at random, find each probability:
  1. P(in the math class)
  2. P(earned a B)
  3. P(earned an A and was in the math class)
  4. P(earned a B given the student was in the science class)
  5. P(is in the math class given that the student earned a B)

3.

Four Cable Channels (2, 6, 8, 12) have Drama series, Sitcoms, Game Shows, and News. The number of each type of show is listed in the table below. Complete the table and use it to answer the questions.
Type Channel 2 Channel 6 Channel 8 Channel 12 Total
Drama 5 2 4 15
Sitcom 6 7 3 25
Game Show 4 3 4 15
News 3 2 3 10
Total 65
  1. P(Sitcom or Game Show)
  2. P(Drama and Channel 8)
  3. P(Channel 8 or Channel 2)
  4. P(Drama given that it is on Channel 6)
  5. Given that the show is a sitcom, find the probability it is on channel 12.
  6. Find the probability that a show is a game show, given that the show is on channel 2.

4.

Four Cable Channels (3, 5, 7, 13) have Reality shows, Crime dramas, Cooking Shows, and Community Programming. The number of each type of show is listed in the table below. Complete the table and use it to answer the questions.
Type Channel 3 Channel 5 Channel 7 Channel 13 Total
Reality 6 8 6
Crime 2 1 2
Cooking 5 5 9 11
Community 8 4
Total 15 21 25 83
  1. P(Reality or Crime Show)
  2. P(Cooking and Channel 3)
  3. P(Channel 3 or Channel 13)
  4. P(Community Program given that it is on Channel 5)
  5. Given that the show is a crime show, find the probability it is on channel 3.
  6. Find the probability that a show is a cooking show, given that it is on channel 7.

5.

A ball is drawn randomly from a jar containing 12 red marbles, 8 white marbles, and 5 yellow marbles. Find the probability of:
  1. Drawing a red marble.
  2. Not drawing a white marble.
  3. Drawing a yellow or red marble.
  4. Drawing a blue marble.
  5. Drawing two red marbles if you draw with replacement.
  6. Drawing first a red marble then a yellow marble if marbles are drawn without replacement.

6.

A ball is drawn randomly from a jar containing 18 black marbles, 4 purple marbles, and 9 blue marbles. Find the probability of:
  1. Drawing a black marble.
  2. Not drawing a purple marble.
  3. Drawing a blue or purple marble.
  4. Drawing a yellow marble.
  5. Drawing two black marbles if you draw with replacement.
  6. Drawing first a blue marble then a black marble if marbles are drawn without replacement.

7.

What is the probability of flipping a coin four times
  1. and getting a head each time?
  2. not getting a head at all?

9.

According to a survey by Pew Research in 2020, 68% of U.S. adults say the federal government is doing too little to protect water quality. (+/- 1.6%)
 1 
pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/21/how-americans-see-climate-change-and-the-environment-in-7-charts
If you pick two adults at random, what is the probability that
  1. Both of them think the government is doing too little to protect water quality.
  2. Neither of them thinks the government is doing too little to protect water quality.

11.

A bag contains 2 black marbles, 4 orange marbles, and 20 yellow marbles. Someone offers to play this game: You randomly select one marble from the bag. If it is black, you win $3. If it is orange, you win $2. If it is yellow, you lose $1.
  1. Make a probability model for this game.
  2. What is your expected value if you play this game?
  3. Should you play this game?

12.

A friend devises a game that is played by rolling a single six-sided die once. If you roll a 6, he pays you $10; if you roll a 5, he pays you nothing; if you roll a number less than 5, you pay him $1.
  1. Make a probability model for this game.
  2. Compute the expected value for this game.
  3. Should you play this game?

13.

A company wants to offer a 2-year extended warranty in case their product fails after the original warranty period but within 2 years of the purchase. They estimate that 1.5% of their products will fail during that time, and it will cost them $450 to replace a failed product. If they charge $55 for the extended warranty, what is the company’s expected profit or loss on each warranty sold?

14.

You purchase a raffle ticket to help out a charity. The raffle ticket costs $10. The charity is selling 2000 tickets. One of them will be drawn and the person holding the ticket will be given a prize worth $8000. Compute the expected value for this raffle.
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